Analysis of market-based approaches for mine ecological restoration in the context of the new Mineral Resources Law

Under the framework of the new Mineral Resources Law, advancing the deep participation of social capital in mine ecological restoration in an orderly manner is essential for transitioning from a traditional government-led approach to a multi-dimensional model that integrates policy guidance, legal safeguards, market operations, and capital participation.This transition is driven by multiple factors, including ecological value realization, green financial innovation, and the development of transaction technologies, collectively promoting the industrialization, marketization, and capitalization of mine ecological restoration.This study systematically explores market-oriented models of mine ecological restoration, delves into the core driving forces of the restoration process, and scientifically implements the specific provisions of the new Mineral Resources Law concerning ecological restoration.Furthermore, it systematically outlines a market-based approach for mine ecological restoration: (ⅰ) constructing a multi-perspective market guidance system encompassing "policy tool innovation, resource optimization, and governance standard benchmarking"; (ⅱ) developing a multi-dimensional market operation framework that integrates "trading platform development, transaction mechanism innovation, transaction supply optimization, and transaction monitoring and supervision"; (ⅲ) establishing a multi-level social capital support framework for mine ecological restoration, including "capital guidance, financial innovation, and industrial integration"; (ⅳ) formulating a multi-domain ecological product value transformation mechanism covering "resource assessment, market conversion, and industrial clustering".This transition continuously propels mine ecological restoration from a traditionally administratively dominated, single-governance model to an integrated, synergistic approach that combines "mandatory legal constraints, flexible policy guidance, and adaptive market mechanisms".Consequently, mine ecological restoration evolves from an "end-of-pipe comprehensive treatment" approach toward an "eco-economy-society" co-benefit paradigm, thereby providing a sound reference for achieving the deep integration of ecological civilization construction in mining areas with the high-quality development of the mining economy.