Abstract: In order to explore the distribution law of temperature, oxidation products and reactants in the process of coal combustion. In this paper, the model of coal oxidation furnace was established by COMSOL 5.5 numerical simulation software. Based on the coal attribute data of Zhundong Coal Mine in Xinjiang Province, the distribution characteristics of temperature, O ₂ and concentration of oxidation products (CO and CO ₂) in furnace under natural heating and heating and different pressure difference conditions were simulated. The results show that with the increase of pressure difference, the temperature in furnace and the concentration of oxidation products decrease, and the position of high temperature region at the end of reaction increases. Under the same pressure difference, the concentration of oxidation products increases with the increase of the axial position of the monitoring point, and the temperature of the furnace center is higher. In the radial direction, the concentration of oxidation products is positively correlated with the temperature at the corresponding location. Heating for 8 h can significantly improve the reaction rate.