Abstract: Coal gangue is one of the larger solid wastes in China at present.It is one of the efficient ways to use coal gangue to produce coal gangue-based concrete instead of concrete coarse aggregate.Through the laboratory tests on the compressive strength of coal gangue-based concrete under different conditions of coal gangue coarse aggregate substitution ratio, water-binder ratio and additives, this paper probes into the basic mechanical properties of coal gangue-based concrete, the optimum mix ratio of coal gangue-based concrete is determined.The results show that the compressive strength of coal gangue-based concrete decreases with the increase of coal gangue coarse aggregate substitution ratio; the addition of 5% silica fume and 0.3% water reducer is helpful to rapidly improve the early strength of coal gangue-based concrete.On this basis, the underground hardening test of coal gangue-based concrete is carried out in the rubber 5^# auxiliary roadway in No.2 mining area of Licun Coal Mine in Shanxi Province, and the good effect of coal gangue-based concrete in underground hardening engineering is verified.