Abstract: The energy area of northern Shaanxi is located in the arid and semi-arid region of northwest China, which is the transition zone between loess and aeolian sand.In this area, the evaporation is strong and the precipitation is rare.As an important water source, the groundwater is mainly recharged by precipitation vertically.In order to study the process of precipitation infiltration and feed coefficient of precipitation infiltration of loess and aeolian sand, a numerical model of water transport in vadose zone was established based on field sampling and indoor parameter measurement, to simulate water transport process of two kinds of sediments in the energy area of northern Shaanxi by Hydrus-1d.Taking 2015 as an example, which is close to annual average precipitation level, the simulation results show that the precipitation infiltration depth of aeolian sand is more than 6.2 m, while that of loess is hardly more than 5.0 m, and the feed coefficient of precipitation infiltration are 0.255 and 0.111, respectively.The results are of great significance to accurately calculate the amount of groundwater resources in the energy area of northern Shaanxi.So it is better to guide the regional water resources system planning, ecological environment protection and sustainable economic development.