Abstract: In order to solve the problem of rock burst prevention and control in island working face of overlying irregular coal pillar,the research status of rock burst caused by this condition in China was analyzed. Taking Y484 working face of Tangshan Mine as the research object,the main controlling factors of rock burst in the overlying irregular island working face,which were mainly covered by irregular coal pillar,large buried depth,local coal pillar and coal rock stratum structure,were analyzed. A method of preventing rock burst by making a weak structure was put forward. The characteristics of the weak structure and the principle of preventing rock burst by adjusting stress distribution were described. A numerical model was established by Flac3D to analyze the deformation and failure process and stress distribution law of the working face of the overlying irregular coal pillar island,and the weak structure was simulated by elastic-plastic constitutive model to verify the prevention and control effect of the weak structure on rock burst. Finally,through the field engineering practice,the technology of rock burst control based on weak structure is established and implemented,and the stress method and drilling cuttings method are used to verify that the weak structure has a good effect on rock burst control under this condition.