Abstract: In this paper,the spontaneous combustion mechanism of coal gangue hill was analyzed,the temperature at different depths of coal gangue hill was measured by soil temperature sensor,and the temperature sampling point was located by combining traditional measurement method.The temperature of each layer of coal gangue was interpolated by MATLAB software to effectively analyze the distribution characteristics of the deep temperature of coal gangue hills.A fitting model of cubic function of one variable in vertical direction was established to reveal the changing trend of the temperature in the depth of coal gangue hills.The optimal fitting model of deep temperature of coal gangue hill was established by the correlation coefficient and measurement error theory,the fire source localization and temperature distribution visualization of spontaneous combustion coal gangue hill were realized,it can provide technical guidance for the early warning and treatment of spontaneous coal gangue disaster.