Abstract: On the basis of the field experimental study of temperature field in tunneling roadway,a mathematical model,which based on the variation of the heat dissipation along the length direction of the roadway surrounding rock,was established to numerical simulation,the distribution law of back hot and temperature field in roadway was obtained.This paper analyzed the reason and its influencing factors of back hot in tunneling roadway,and studied the influence of inlet air temperature,air volume and the position of ventilation on back hot.The results show that the higher the air inlet temperature,the higher the back hot temperature,and the closer the position to the working face;the higher the air volume,the lower the back hot temperature,and the farther the position to the working face;the closer the ventilation outlet to the working face,the higher the back hot temperature,and the closer the position to the working face.It can provide reference for selecting reasonable tunneling roadway cooling method and optimizing cooling system.