Abstract: In order to study the effect of sodium polyacrylate-anthocyanin compound inhibitor on coal spontaneous combustion, lignite and gas coal were used to prepare resistive coal samples for comparison. Firstly, the Fourier infrared spectroscopy system was used to compare the changes of active groups of lignite and gas coal after resisting. Secondly, the indicator gas test was carried out to verify the effect of the compound inhibitor on the coal spontaneous combustion. The results show that the sodium polyacrylate-anthocyanin compound inhibitor can continuously inhibit the spontaneous combustion process of lignite and gas coal. In the chain cycle reaction of coal spontaneous combustion, the inhibitor blocks the conversion reaction of peroxide radicals to carbon and oxygen double bond intermediates in the oxidation adsorption process of coal. The unstable peroxidation radicals are converted into hydrogen peroxides and further decompose into alcohols and water, the cycle is terminated. The sodium polyacrylate-anthocyanin compound inhibitor can effectively reduce the autothermal oxidation ability of coal, and has a significant inhibitory effect in the transition stage of coal spontaneous combustion oxidation.