Abstract: Through the analysis and comparison of each index of coal spontaneous combustion risk assessment in opencast coal mine, the risk of coal spontaneous combustion in opencast coal mine was evaluated by using AHP and TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation model. According to the extent and mode of the influence on coal spontaneous combustion in opencast coal mines, the important indexes affecting coal spontaneous combustion in opencast coal mines were classified and summarized, that was, the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal seams, climatic conditions, engineering geological conditions, etc. AHP and TOPSIS were used to analyze the weight of each index in the risk of coal spontaneous combustion, among them, coal seam spontaneous combustion tendency had the largest influence on coal spontaneous combustion, followed by climatic conditions, and the influence of engineering geological conditions was relatively small. The risk of spontaneous combustion of coal in three typical opencast coal mines was analyzed and summarized, which can provide important reference for rational evaluation of spontaneous combustion of coal in opencast coal mines.