Abstract: In order to control the hazard source of machinery operation in the process of the fully mechanized top-coal caving mining, the hazard source nodes in the process of the fully mechanized top-coal caving mining were summarized by using the literature search method, and the HAZOP analysis system for the process of the fully mechanized top-coal caving mining was set up. Five systems including the coal cutting system, support advancing system, forward conveyor pushing system, top-coal caving system, and rear conveyor pulling system were established according to the technological process of the fully mechanized top-coal caving mining, and seven parameter-containing work nodes were divided. Combined with the situation of the example coal mine, emphatic analysis was made on the hazard source nodes of the fully mechanized top-coal caving system and the calculation procedures of each parameter, and based on the HAZOP analysis results, the safety measures corresponding to the work node of each hazard source were given so as to prevent and control the occurrence of accidents.