Abstract: This paper analyzed the present situation and causes of pneumoconiosis in coal industry in China; the current status and application effect of coal mine dust control technology in China were comprehensively introduced from 7 aspects, such as the coal mine anti-dusting water quality guarantee technology and equipment, the comprehensive dust-proof technology in coal mining face, the comprehensive dust-proof technology in tunneling face, the comprehensive dust-proof technology and equipment in bolt-spraying face, the personal protection technology, the technology and equipment of coal mine dust detection, and the effective measures to solve the problem of flour dust in comprehensive mining and comprehensive excavation work were put forward. The analysis shows that after adopting comprehensive dust-proof technical measures, the time-weighted average mass concentration of respirable dust in some fully mechanized mining and fully mechanized excavation working faces in China can be reduced to the limit of the 2016 edition of "Safety Regulation for Coal Mines". The main problems in the prevention and control technology and equipment of coal mine dust hazard in China were expounded, and the development direction of coal mine dust hazard prevention technology research in China was pointed out.