Abstract: Based on the dual influence of the coal resource exploitation on the regional social，economic and natural conditions，in this paper，the resource utilization features under coal mining condition in Changhe basin was analyzed，and the progress and scope of resource exploitation were optimized．The utilization features of the construction land，cultivated land and water resource were analyzed by field investigations，GIS spacial analysis and integrated system analysis，and the change of water and land resources induced by coal mining scale in different degrees was simulated．The analysis results indicated that the resource exploitation had agglomeration effect on the layout of construction land，the destruction of the cultivated land could be restored in a short period and the destruction of shallow groundwater was irreversible in a short time．At the same time，the situational analysis showed that the resource utilization could be optimized by the protected mining mode，and the progress and scope of resource exploitation should be well grasped in the process of implementation．