Abstract: In order to study the influence of mechanical vibration on the evolution law of gas-bearing coal and rock,from the point of stress balance,considering the particularity that the stress attenuation of coal and rock mass with mechanical vibration,the permeability change equation of gas-bearing coal under vibration was established,the permeability of gas-bearing rock in different vibration time,pore pressure and vibration frequency was calculated.The result showed that the stress wave generated by mechanical vibration can accelerate the development of cracks in coal and rock mass.The change rule of permeability with pore pressure is in accordance with Klinkenberg effect.The theoretical values obtained by using the permeability change equation can better reflect the evolution law of permeability acquired by the experiment.