Abstract: In order to study the heavy metal pollution of soil in Yili mining area,the contents of heavy metals including Cd, Ni, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn were determined by atomic absorption in 4 mining areas,the soil heavy metals in Yili mining area were evaluated by means of geo accumulation index and potential ecological risk index.The results showed that the pollution degree of heavy metals of soil around the mining area was different,based on the soil environmental quality standard,the total contents of heavy metals of soil infour mining areas(13,14,17,87) were close to the soil environmental quality standards.The results of applying geo accumulation index showed that the highest pollution level of heavy metal in the 87 district was Cu and the highest potential ecological hazard in the four mining areas was Cu.