Abstract: Based on the engineering background of control of roof separation failure under track in Hongyan Coal Mine, the failure mechanism of compound roof was studied by means of material mechanics theory calculation and numerical analysis. The analysis results show that, due to the compound structure of the roadway roof, under the influence of overburden load and mining of the adjacent working face, the roof subsidence of roadway is serious and the supporting body fails. By combining the multi-medium structure formed by grouting reinforcement and grouting bolt anchor cable, the technology of controlling the stability of roof structure is put forward. The scheme of deep and shallow borehole anchor grouting reinforcement is determined according to the surrounding rock structure of track downhill, and field engineering contrast test is carried out, the maximum roof subsidence in the reinforced area should be controlled at about 59 mm, the composite structure of the roof obtains good control effect.