Abstract: In this paper, analysis was carried out on the the coal pillar roof stress and displacement evolution law under the control of the intensity weak field, stiffness weak field and stability weak field based on the weak field control theory and by taking the whole system of the coal pillar roof as an example, and it was confirmed that the whole system stability of the coal pillar roof was controlled by the weak field. The research results showed that multiple weak fields might exist in the whole system of the coal pillar roof at the same time, the leading function of each local weak field could transform each other with the change of the external environment, and corresponded to a different failure mode. For the whole system of the coal pillar roof, the local weak field had the hierarchy, the intensity weak field or stiffness weak field of the coal pillar and roof subsystem constituted the weak field of the local stability, and the weak field of the local stability had the control effect on the stability of the whole system of the coal pillar roof.