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台格庙矿区覆岩导水裂隙带发育高度计算方法研究

Study on calculation method for the height of the water-conducting fracture zone in the overlying strata of the Taigemiao Mining Area

  • 摘要: 导水裂隙带高度是煤矿开采中描述覆岩采动破坏程度的重要参数,对防水煤岩柱留设、保水开采,以及瓦斯抽采等均具有重要意义,然而,随着采煤方法和技术装备的不断发展,开采对覆岩的扰动程度和破坏特征有了新的变化,现有经验公式的局限性日益显现,在部分区域已不能较好地指导现场实践。以台格庙矿区为例,采用数值模拟方法对该区域开采后的导水裂隙带高度进行预测,并结合经验公式进行对比分析,给出了适用于该区域的经验公式。研究结果表明:台格庙矿区综放开采后导水裂隙带高度约为117.5 m,裂隙发育形态为中间高、两边低的拱形;台格庙及周边矿区导水裂隙带高度与采高呈显著相关关系,相关性系数为0.897,即导水裂隙带高度主要受采高影响;对区域实测导水裂隙带高度数据进行拟合,得到导水裂隙带高度计算模型,运用该模型并结合现有经验公式可快速估算导水裂隙带高度,为煤炭资源安全开采提供依据。

     

    Abstract: The height of the water-conducting fracture zone is a key parameter for characterizing the degree of mining-induced overburden failure in coal mining. It is of great significance for the design of wate-proof coal pillars,water-preserved mining,and gas drainage. However,with continuous advances in mining methods and technical equipment,the disturbance and failure characteristics of overburden have changed considerably. Existing empirical formulas are increasingly limited in their applicability and,in some cases,no longer provide reliable guidance for field practice. Taking the Taigemiao mining area as a case study,this study employs numerical simulation to predict the height of the water-conducting fracture zone after extraction, and compares the simulation results with those obtained from empirical formulas,ultimately deriving a region-specific empirical formula. The results indicate that in the fully mechanized top-coal caving face of the Taigemiao Area,the height of the waterconducting fracture zone is approximately 117. 5 m,and the fracture zone exhibits an arch-shaped profile with a higher center and lower sides. The height of the fracture zone in the Taigemiao and adjacent mining areas shows a strong correlation with the mining height (correlation coefficient R = 0. 897),suggesting that mining height is the dominant controlling factor. By fitting the measured data of the fracture zone height in the region,an empirical model is obtained. This model,used together with existing empirical formulas,enables rapid estimation of the fracture zone height and provides a basis for safe coal resource extraction.

     

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