Abstract: Due to the limitations of high risks, monitoring challenges, and difficulties in controlling triggering mechanisms during field experiments for rock burst, establishing effective physical similarity simulation and numerical simulation methods has become a critical approach for studying the mechanisms and prevention of rock burst. For physical similarity simulation of rock burst, this study reviews advancements in the development of experimental materials. Building upon static similarity criteria, a dynamic similarity criterion for coal-rock masses is proposed, incorporating inertial force similarity conditions. Based on this, material development and similarity model design are conducted. Studies demonstrate that similarity materials composed of polymers, quartz sand, and other components exhibit favorable similarity in strength and failure modes during dynamic fracturing of coal and rock. Utilizing a physical similarity simulation test platform for stress wave fields in rock burst, experiments on wavefield propagation-induced rock burst processes reveal that stress waves interfere and superimpose between the roof and floor, forming coal seam channel waves. The strain field gradually converges in the coal seam, forming localized zones that ultimately lead to impact failure. For numerical simulation of rock burst, this study discusses advancements in continuum mechanics methods (e. g., finite element method), discontinuum deformation approaches (e. g., discrete element method), and coupled continuum-discontinuum methods. It analyzes the application prospects of nonlinear finite element and unbalanced force theories in assessing rock burst risks. Focusing on the transient mechanical mechanism of potential-to-kinetic energy conversion during coal-rock ejection, the simulation strategies for three stages are elaborated: formation of high elastic energy bodies in the pre-ejection stage, non-equilibrium conditions for instantaneous brittle fracture and block formation during ejection, and block motion simulation in the post-ejection stage. Finally, preliminary applications of peridynamics-finite element coupled algorithms in simulating continuum-to-discontinuum transitions during coal-rock impact are introduced, achieving expected results. This research provides novel insights for rock burst simulation and holds significant implications for coal mine safety production.