矿井智能通风研究进展与前沿展望
Research progress and frontier prospects of intelligent ventilation in mines
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摘要: 矿井通风系统是煤矿安全生产的核心保障,随着智能化技术的发展,通风系统正向精准、高效方向演进。综述了矿井智能通风的关键技术进展,包括风阻风量感知、实时网络解算、故障诊断及按需调控,并探讨提升通风系统智能化水平及灾害适应能力的技术路径。针对矿井灾害通风安全问题,提出矿井韧性风网概念,以增强系统稳定性和抗干扰能力;构建热动力灾变动态应急导航模型,以优化矿工避灾逃生路径;基于数字孪生技术构建高镜像度矿井通风系统,实现精准建模与智能调控。研究表明,结合智能感知、优化控制和仿真计算,可提升风量预测精度,实现通风系统智能调控,并增强灾害环境下的通风稳定性和应急响应能力。未来,矿井通风将进一步融合智能感知、数字孪生与优化控制技术,推动煤矿安全生产向智能化发展。Abstract: Mine ventilation systems are crucial for coal mine safety. With the development of intelligent technologies, ventilation systems are evolving towards greater precision and efficiency. This study reviews the key technological advancements in intelligent mine ventilation,including airflow resistance and volume sensing,real -time network calculation,fault diagnosis,and demand -based control,while exploring technical pathways to enhance system intelligence and disaster adaptability. In view of ventilation safety in mine disasters, the concept of resilient ventilation network is proposed to improve system stability and resistance to disturbances. A thermodynamic disaster dynamic emergency navigation model is developed to optimize miners’ evacuation routes. Additionally,a high-fidelity digital twin-based mine ventilation system is constructed to enable precise modeling and intelligent control. The study demonstrates that integrating intelligent sensing,optimized control,and simulation computing can enhance airflow prediction accuracy,and achieve intelligent ventilation regulation. The ventilation stability and emergency response capabilities are also enhanced in disaster scenarios. In the future,mine ventilation will further integrate the technology of intelligent sensing,digital twin,and optimized control to promote the intelligent development of coal mine safety production.