基于矿井风流运动特征的逸散粉尘喷雾除尘研究
Study on spray dust removal of separated powder based on the movement characteristics of mine air flow
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摘要: 深部矿产资源机械化、规模化开采导致工作面产尘量显著增大,矿井粉尘逸散问题日益严峻。为解决现有降尘措施控尘效果不理想问题,改善工作面作业环境,开展了基于工作面风流运动特征的巷道逸散粉尘喷雾除尘性能研究。分析工作面风流运动特征及粉尘运移规律;综合分析雾化喷嘴宏观喷雾特性并进行喷嘴优选;搭建相似实验模型对喷雾降尘性能参数进行优化。研究结果表明:工作面地质构造会影响风流运动特征,而风流运动特征是决定粉尘颗粒运移路径的关键因素;在测试的5种喷嘴中,空心锥喷嘴在射程、流量及雾化角等参数方面均表现出最优的控除尘性能;在喷嘴布置方式方面,逆向喷雾捕捉粉尘效果更好,当布置角度为120°时,出口处粉尘质量浓度可降至22.7 mg/m3,达到最佳降尘效果。Abstract: Large-scale mechanized mining increases dust production with significant dust generation. To improve the existing dust control measures and enhance the working environment, a study was conducted on separated powder spray performance considering working face airflow characteristics. The research involves studying on airflow and dust migration, atomizing nozzle macro spray characteristics analyses and optimization, and spray dust removal performance experimental optimization model development. Research findings indicate that the working face structure affects airflow movement,which in turn influences dust particle migration paths. Among the five nozzles tested in this study, hollow cone nozzles is considered increases the most effectiveness in the dust control regarding to the range,flow rate,and atomization angle. The reverse spray arrangement offered a superior dust capture performance,with a 120° angle yielding the lowest dust concentration at 22. 7 mg/m3 and the best dust removal effect.