Abstract: In order to explore the relationship between occupational hazard factors and occupational musculoskeletal disorders in coal miners, the first-line operators from Shaanxi Coal Group Ningtiaota Mining Co., Ltd. were taken as the research object. Relevant information was collected by questionnaire, and the data were analyzed by chi-square test and binary Logistic regression. Two different regression models were build to determine the influence of each factor on occupational musculoskeletal disorders in miners and the fitting equation was given. The results show that compared with the regression model obtained by the forward LR method, the backward LR regression model has better goodness of fit and prediction accuracy. Drivers, rock drillers and support workers are at high risk for lumbar musculoskeletal disorders in coal miners. There are some important factors affecting the miners' waist disease, such as sometimes carrying heavy objects (more than 20 kg each time), frequent and prolonged sitting at work, sometimes squatting/kneeling for long time to work, often lifting weights in uncomfortable positions, often slightly bent down to work, hands often keep below the shoulder level, often work to keep the same posture because of space force, and often fall because the soles of feet slip.