Abstract: Based on data of coal mine accidents in China from 2008 to 2020, statistical analysis was carried out from time, region, grade and type of accident, and a mathematical model of the relationship between accident grade and type was established. The results show that there are more accidents in summer and fewer accidents in winter, and coal mine accidents have obvious seasonal differences; the number of accidents and the number of deaths are unevenly distributed and not corresponding in time; in recent 5 years, the number of general accidents has an obvious increasing trend and is closely related to roof, mechanical and electrical accidents and transportation accidents, to reduce the occurrence of general accidents, we can start with the prevention and control of roof, transportation and mechanical and electrical accidents; the number of accidents and the types of accidents are affected by the distribution of coal resources, occurrence conditions, and mining conditions. According to the law of accidents, the accident prevention countermeasures were discussed, and it was believed that coal mine enterprises should continue to implement the national macro-plan, accident prevention measures should be adjusted to the time and local conditions, improve the coal mine emergency system, and complete coal mine accident data.