Abstract: An environmental protection dust suppressant was synthesized by emulsion polymerization with vinyl acetate (VAC) as main monomers, potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and octyl phenol polyoxyethylene(10)ether (OP-10) as composite emulsifier. The performance of wind erosion resistance, water retention, toxicology and coal quality impact were studied. The micro morphology of coal particle surface after spraying dust suppressant was analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The results show that after the coal sample sprayed with the dust suppressant is placed for 120 h, the wind erosion rate of the coal sample is only 2% and the dust suppression efficiency is 98% after being swept by the wind speed of class 6 (wind speed is from 10.8 m/s to 13.8 m/s); the water loss rate of dust suppressant is slightly lower than that of water, which has certain moisture retention; the coal sample sheet is non-toxic and harmless after drying, it will not have adverse effects on operators and environment, and will not affect coal quality after spraying dust suppressor. The dust suppressant can effectively suppress coal dust dispersion, reduce the coal dust pollution and coal loss in the open-pit coal yard, and protect the air environment.