Abstract: In order to determine the risk evaluation index and grading standard of near-miss incidents in coal mine and facilitate the risk grading and control, a risk evaluation index system consisting of 5 core categories and 24 main categories was constructed according to the grounded theory research method; the quantitative value of the index was obtained by the safety mechanism criterion of near-miss incidents, and the weight of the index was determined based on IAHP. The results show that the risk evaluation index P of coal mine near-miss incidents can be calculated accurately by weight and risk index. Moreover, according to the P, the coal mine near-miss incidents are divided into four grades:high risk, relative high risk, medium risk and low risk, so that coal mine enterprises can propose targeted control measures according to different risk grades and reduce the incidence of coal mine accidents.