Abstract: This paper analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the current conventional fire monitoring technology in coal mine, the mining distributed laser fire monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement technology was used to monitor the on-site fire in goaf in 11109 mining working face of Yueliangtian Coal Mine. The changes of parameters such as O₂, CO, CO₂, CH₄ and temperature in goaf were monitored, and the influence of the measuring point arrangement of the gas drainage beam tube in goaf on the fire monitoring effect was analyzed. The results show that the application of mining distributed laser fire monitoring system can reduce the deployment length of beam tube and the workload of manual beam tube maintenance, realize the real-time on-line monitoring of coal mine fire, and fire warning becomes more real-time and reliable; the beam tube and temperature measuring fiber should be deployed in a location where there is no extraction pipe or is not affected by extraction pipe in goaf.